麻绳是一种由植物纤维或合成纤维制成的绳索，具有耐磨、耐腐、耐拉等特点，广泛应用于农业、建筑、工业、运输等领域。麻绳的主要原料之一是黄麻，一种热带和亚热带的韧皮纤维作物，可以织成高强度的粗糙的细丝。黄麻在中国有着悠久的种植历史，曾经是重要的经济作物之一，但近年来却出现了种植面积和产量的下降，甚至出现了进口缺口的现象。而在印度，黄麻却是一种稳定的收入来源，印度是全球最大的黄麻种植和生产国，占据了全球黄麻市场的一半以上。
Hemp rope is a type of rope made from plant fibers or synthetic fibers, which has characteristics such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and tensile resistance. It is widely used in agriculture, construction, industry, transportation, and other fields. One of the main raw materials for hemp rope is jute, a tropical and subtropical bast fiber crop that can be woven into high-strength rough filaments. Jute has a long history of cultivation in China and was once one of the important economic crops. However, in recent years, there has been a decrease in planting area and yield, and even an import gap. In India, however, jute is a stable source of income. India is the world's largest producer and producer of jute, accounting for more than half of the global jute market.
为什么中国的黄麻产业会出现衰退，而印度的黄麻产业却能保持竞争优势呢？黄麻是一种喜温暖湿润的气候，发芽最低温度为13～14℃，要求土质肥沃、排水良好的砂质壤土。黄麻是短日照作物，长果黄麻比圆果黄麻对日照反应更为敏感。黄麻的种植周期一般为4～5个月，收获后需要经过剥麻、晒麻、打麻等工序，才能提取出黄麻纤维。从种植条件来看，中国和印度都有适宜黄麻生长的地区，但印度的优势更明显。
Why is China's jute industry declining while India's jute industry can maintain a competitive advantage? Jute is a warm and humid climate with a minimum germination temperature of 13-14 ℃. It requires fertile and well drained sandy loam soil. Jute is a short day crop, and long fruit jute is more sensitive to sunlight than round fruit jute. The planting cycle of jute is generally 4-5 months, and after harvesting, it needs to go through processes such as peeling, sun drying, and beating to extract jute fibers. From the perspective of planting conditions, both China and India have regions suitable for the growth of jute, but India has a more obvious advantage.